Canadian Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences

Abstract: The TPL Mangrove Biodiversity Park is nestled within the large mangrove ecosystem surrounding Korangi Creek, a vital part of the Indus Delta's ecologically sensitive region. From Korangi Creek to Sir Creek, seventeen major creeks form a specialized and fluctuating ecosystem, supporting exceptionally rich regional biodiversity, most notably in the Korangi Creek area. A Base line study of Vertebrate Fauna was conducted to create a comprehensive inventory of Vertebrate Fauna in the TPL Mangrove Biodiversity Park and its surroundings. The study aimed to document the diversity, distribution, and conservation status of vertebrate fauna, particularly birds, mammals, and reptiles. Field surveys were conducted from September 22 to December 31, 2024, to develop a comprehensive inventory of these vertebrate groups. Our comprehensive field survey and literature review revealed a remarkable array of species, comprising 70 Avian species, 9 Mammalian species, 9 Reptilian species, and 14 Floral species. The present study documented a total of 70 bird species. Out of 70 bird species, 31 are Migratory and 39 are Resident of the area. Out of total recorded species, 45 are Common, 2 Abundant and 23 are Less Common bird species in the project area. Out of total recorded 70 species, 13 are Protected under the Sindh Wildlife Protection Act, 2020 (SWPA), 4 are on IUCN Red List, 13 and 7 are Listed on Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) appendices respectively. The surveys also revealed a modest diversity of Mammals and Reptiles. Nine Mammalian Species were identified in and around the project area, with 6 Classified as Common and one as Less Common. One Species is Protected under the Sindh Wildlife Protection Act, 2020 (SWPA), and 3 are Listed on CITES Appendices. Our study recorded a total of 9 Reptilian Species, with one Protected under the SWPA and 3 Listed on CITES Appendices. None of these Reptilian species are Listed on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we also conducted a floristic survey within the park and its surroundings, documenting a total of 14 distinct plant species. The Korangi Creek mangrove forest faces severe aquatic pollution due to the influx of untreated municipal and industrial wastewater. The water is contaminated with industrial discharge, sewage, and domestic waste. During low tide, the park area is largely comprised of polluted water with minimal seawater presence. In contrast, high tide brings a visible mixture of both polluted and seawater. Marine plastic and micro plastic materials are likely present in plastic debris, posing risks to all living beings and leading to environmental complexities. Previous research studies have documented chemical pollution from heavy metals in the area. If we address and mitigate these physical and chemical pollutants by treating sewage and industrial wastewater, we can alleviate many pollution-related problems, enhance aesthetic value, and prevent future environmental complexities.